English Language
Form I
ENG-F1-05
✓ Verified TIE Syllabus
Grammar and Vocabulary in Language Tasks
This module grounds students in fundamental English grammar structures and communicative usage. Students master word classes (nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, prepositions, coordinators, articles), verb tenses (simple present, simple past, present progressive), subject-verb agreement, and sentence construction. Learners apply these structures to express ideas and opinions in social settings (hospital, market, bus stop, library) and engage in formal classroom debates.
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🎯 Syllabus Competencies & Learning Objectives
Key Competencies
- Main Competence: 2.0 Demonstrate mastery of English language skills
- Specific Competence: 2.4 Use appropriate grammar and vocabulary in oral and in written language tasks
Specific Learning Objectives
- Identify and use the eight parts of speech correctly in oral and written sentences.
- Construct sentences in the simple present, simple past, and present progressive tenses with accurate subject-verb concord.
- Use definite and indefinite articles (a, an, the) appropriately according to phonetic and countability rules.
- Employ coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) and prepositions of time and place accurately.
- Participate in classroom debates on relevant cross-cutting issues using correct grammatical structures and persuasive vocabulary.
📖 Comprehensive Study Notes Summary
### Topic 5: Grammar and Vocabulary in Language Tasks (ENG-F1-05)
**Allocated Periods: 16**
#### 1. Fundamental Word Classes (Parts of Speech)
1. **Nouns**: Names of persons, places, things, or ideas (Proper, Common, Abstract, Collective, Countable/Uncountable).
2. **Pronouns**: Words replacing nouns (Personal: *I, you, he, she, it, we, they*; Possessive: *mine, yours, his, hers, ours*; Demonstrative: *this, that, these, those*).
3. **Verbs**: Words indicating action or state of being (Lexical verbs vs. Auxiliary verbs *be, have, do, will, can*).
4. **Adjectives**: Words that modify or describe nouns (e.g., *tall, diligent, fertile, blue*).
5. **Adverbs**: Words modifying verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs (Adverbs of Manner: *quickly*, Time: *yesterday*, Place: *here*, Frequency: *always*).
6. **Prepositions**: Words showing spatial, temporal, or logical relations (e.g., *in, on, at, under, between, among, through*).
7. **Conjunctions / Coordinators**: Connecting words. Coordinating conjunctions (**FANBOYS**): *For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So*.
8. **Articles / Determiners**: Indefinite articles (*a, an*) and Definite article (*the*).
- Use **an** before *vowel sounds* (e.g., *an apple, an honest man, an hour*).
- Use **a** before *consonant sounds* (e.g., *a book, a European city, a university*).
#### 2. Core Tenses for Form I
##### (a) Simple Present Tense
- Used for: Habitual actions, general truths, scheduled events.
- Form: Subject + Base Verb (+ -s/-es for 3rd person singular: *he, she, it*).
* *He reads every morning.* / *They study mathematics daily.*
* Negative: *Subject + do/does not + base verb* (e.g., *She does not eat fish*).
* Question: *Do/Does + subject + base verb?* (e.g., *Does he live in Dodoma?*).
##### (b) Present Progressive (Continuous) Tense
- Used for: Actions occurring right now at the moment of speaking, or temporary situations.
- Form: *Subject + am/is/are + verb-ing*.
* *The teacher is explaining the grammar rule right now.*
* *We are writing our English exercises.*
##### (c) Simple Past Tense
- Used for: Completed actions at a definite time in the past.
- Regular verbs take *-ed* (*walked, played*); Irregular verbs have unique forms (*went, saw, ate, wrote, bought*).
* *We visited Ngorongoro Crater last December.*
* Negative: *Subject + did not + base verb* (e.g., *They did not arrive late*).
* Question: *Did + subject + base verb?* (e.g., *Did you finish your homework?*).
#### 3. Subject-Verb Agreement (Concord)
- A singular subject requires a singular verb; a plural subject requires a plural verb.
* *The boy **runs** fast.* / *The boys **run** fast.*
* *Each of the students **has** a dictionary.* (Indefinite pronouns *each, everyone, nobody* are singular).
* *Neither John nor his friends **were** present.* (In *either...or / neither...nor*, the verb agrees with the nearer subject).
**Allocated Periods: 16**
#### 1. Fundamental Word Classes (Parts of Speech)
1. **Nouns**: Names of persons, places, things, or ideas (Proper, Common, Abstract, Collective, Countable/Uncountable).
2. **Pronouns**: Words replacing nouns (Personal: *I, you, he, she, it, we, they*; Possessive: *mine, yours, his, hers, ours*; Demonstrative: *this, that, these, those*).
3. **Verbs**: Words indicating action or state of being (Lexical verbs vs. Auxiliary verbs *be, have, do, will, can*).
4. **Adjectives**: Words that modify or describe nouns (e.g., *tall, diligent, fertile, blue*).
5. **Adverbs**: Words modifying verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs (Adverbs of Manner: *quickly*, Time: *yesterday*, Place: *here*, Frequency: *always*).
6. **Prepositions**: Words showing spatial, temporal, or logical relations (e.g., *in, on, at, under, between, among, through*).
7. **Conjunctions / Coordinators**: Connecting words. Coordinating conjunctions (**FANBOYS**): *For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So*.
8. **Articles / Determiners**: Indefinite articles (*a, an*) and Definite article (*the*).
- Use **an** before *vowel sounds* (e.g., *an apple, an honest man, an hour*).
- Use **a** before *consonant sounds* (e.g., *a book, a European city, a university*).
#### 2. Core Tenses for Form I
##### (a) Simple Present Tense
- Used for: Habitual actions, general truths, scheduled events.
- Form: Subject + Base Verb (+ -s/-es for 3rd person singular: *he, she, it*).
* *He reads every morning.* / *They study mathematics daily.*
* Negative: *Subject + do/does not + base verb* (e.g., *She does not eat fish*).
* Question: *Do/Does + subject + base verb?* (e.g., *Does he live in Dodoma?*).
##### (b) Present Progressive (Continuous) Tense
- Used for: Actions occurring right now at the moment of speaking, or temporary situations.
- Form: *Subject + am/is/are + verb-ing*.
* *The teacher is explaining the grammar rule right now.*
* *We are writing our English exercises.*
##### (c) Simple Past Tense
- Used for: Completed actions at a definite time in the past.
- Regular verbs take *-ed* (*walked, played*); Irregular verbs have unique forms (*went, saw, ate, wrote, bought*).
* *We visited Ngorongoro Crater last December.*
* Negative: *Subject + did not + base verb* (e.g., *They did not arrive late*).
* Question: *Did + subject + base verb?* (e.g., *Did you finish your homework?*).
#### 3. Subject-Verb Agreement (Concord)
- A singular subject requires a singular verb; a plural subject requires a plural verb.
* *The boy **runs** fast.* / *The boys **run** fast.*
* *Each of the students **has** a dictionary.* (Indefinite pronouns *each, everyone, nobody* are singular).
* *Neither John nor his friends **were** present.* (In *either...or / neither...nor*, the verb agrees with the nearer subject).